Chapter 009

Antimuscarinic Drugs

Frank J. Dowd

CITED REFERENCES

  1. Ariëns EJ: Affinity and intrinsic activity in the theory of competitive inhibition. Part 1. Problems and theory. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 99:32-49, 1954. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Belmonte KE: Cholinergic pathways in the lungs and anticholinergic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2:297-304, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Chancellor MB, Anderson RU, Boone TB: Pharmacotherapy for neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 85:536-545, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  4. DeFrates LJ, Hoehns JD, Sakornbut EL, et al: Antimuscarinic intoxication resulting from the ingestion of moonflower seeds. Ann Pharmacother 39:173-176, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Easton PA, Jadue C, Dhingra S, et al: A comparison of the bronchodilating effects of a beta-2 adrenergic agent (albuterol) and an anticholinergic agent (ipratropium bromide), given by aerosol alone or in sequence. N Engl J Med 315:735-739, 1986. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Grob D: Anticholinesterase intoxication in man and its treatment. In Koelle GB, editor: Cholinesterases and anticholinesterase agents. Handbuch der Experimentellen Pharmakologie. Ergänzungswerk, Bd 15, Berlin, 1963, Springer-Verlag.
  7. Hökfelt T, Bean A, Ceccatelli S, et al: Neuropeptides and classical transmitters: localization and interaction. Arzneimittelforschung 42:196-201, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Kalser SC: The fate of atropine in man. Ann N Y Acad Sci 179:667-683, 1971. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Kennedy C, Tasker PN, Gallacher G, et al: Identification of atropine-and P2X1 receptor antagonist-resistant neurogenic contractions of the urinary bladder. Neuroscience 27:845-851, 2007.
  10. Meningaud JP, Pitak-Arnnop P, Chikhani L, et al: Drooling of saliva: a review of the etiology and management options. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 101:48-57, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Nishiike S, Takeda N, Uno A, et al: Cholinergic influence on vestibular stimulation-induced locus coeruleus inhibition in rats. Acta Otolaryngol 120:404-409, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Panning CA, DeBisschop M: Tiotropium: an inhaled, long-acting anticholinergic drug for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pharmacotherapy 23:183-189, 2003.
  13. Price NM, Schmitt LG, McGuire J, et al: Transdermal scopolamine in the prevention of motion sickness at sea. Clin Pharmacol Ther 29:414-419, 1981. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Solifenacin and darifenacin for overactive bladder. Med Lett Drugs Ther 47:23-24, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Tiotropium (Spiriva) for COPD. Med Lett Drugs Ther 46:41-42, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Trospium chloride (Sanctura): another anticholinergic for overactive bladder. Med Lett Drugs Ther 46:63-64, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  17. van Noord JA, Bantje TA, Eland ME, et al: A randomized controlled comparison of tiotropium and ipratropium in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Dutch Tiotropium Study Group. Thorax 55:289-294, 2000.
  18. Wein AJ, Rackley RR: Overactive bladder: a better understanding of pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. J Urol 175(3 Pt 2):S5-S10, 2006. PUBMED Abstract

GENERAL REFERENCES

  1. Gross NJ: Anticholinergic agents in asthma and COPD, Eur J Pharmacol 533:36-39, 2006.PUBMED Abstract
  2. Linden CH, Rippe JM, Irwin RS: Manual of overdoses and poisonings, Philadelphia, 2006, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  3. Lucas-Meunier E, Fossier P, Baux G, et al: Cholinergic modulation of the cortical neuronal network, Pflugers Arch 446:17-29, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Renner UD, Oertel R, Kirch W: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in clinical use of scopolamine, Ther Drug Monit 27:655-665, 2005. PUBMED Abstract